Hyperglycemia

This article outlines the blood glucose criteria for diagnosing diabetes: fasting blood glucose ≥7.0 mmol/L or 2-hour postprandial blood glucose ≥11.1 mmol/L. It introduces glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), which reflects the average blood glucose level over the past 2-3 months and is considered the "gold standard" for diagnosis. Furthermore, it explains in detail the concept, progression, and...

This article explains the concept of "white coat hypertension," pointing out that it is not true hypertension. It distinguishes in detail between primary hypertension (accounting for 95% of cases, with unknown causes) and secondary hypertension (caused by identifiable causes such as kidney disease or endocrine disorders). It also introduces the definition of refractory hypertension and its...

This section introduces the mild, moderate, and severe symptoms of deficiency-cold (cold constitution) to help the elderly self-assess. It then elaborates on the definitions, causes, and specific manifestations in various organs of the four deficiency syndromes: Yang deficiency, Yin deficiency, Qi deficiency, and Blood deficiency, laying the foundation for targeted treatment.

This section introduces the mild, moderate, and severe symptoms of deficiency-cold (cold constitution) to help the elderly self-assess. It then elaborates on the definitions, causes, and specific manifestations in various organs of the four deficiency syndromes: Yang deficiency, Yin deficiency, Qi deficiency, and Blood deficiency, laying the foundation for targeted treatment.

This article answers the question of whether diabetic patients can enjoy a normal lifespan and elaborates on the definitions, characteristics, and differentiation methods of the two main types of diabetes (type 1 and type 2) in clinical practice. The article introduces methods for differentiating between type 1 and type 2 diabetes using insulin release tests and C-peptide assays, and proposes...