Exercise precautions and commonly used lipid-lowering drugs for patients with hyperlipidemia

20. What precautions should patients with hyperlipidemia take during exercise?

Your baseline heart rate should be measured before exercise, and your heart rate should be calculated immediately after exercise.

It accurately reflects the actual heart rate reached during exercise.

Before starting exercise, perform 5-10 minutes of warm-up exercises to allow your pulse rate to slowly rise to a comfortable range.

There should also be a 5-10 minute deceleration period before stopping exercise, allowing blood to gradually return from the limbs to the heart, avoiding...

To avoid symptoms such as dizziness and nausea caused by myocardial ischemia or autonomic nervous system instability. Exercise for patients with coronary heart disease.

The treatment plan should be determined under the guidance of a doctor. Physical exercise should be done gradually and should not be rushed.

Don't rush, lest you exceed your own capacity to adapt and increase the burden on your heart.

The key to successful fat loss through exercise is long-term consistency. Exercise at least three times a week, and generally, you should maintain this routine for three months.

That's all. However, it's not necessary to exercise endlessly. The amount of exercise should be such that it doesn't cause subjective symptoms, such as...

The principle is to treat palpitations and difficulty breathing; this is very important and should not be ignored.

9. Home kit for patients with hyperlipidemia

1. Types of commonly used lipid-lowering drugs

(1) Bile acid sequestrants: Cholestyramine, trade name: Cholestyramine; Cholestyramine, trade name: Cholestyramine.

(2) Nicotinic acid and its derivatives: nicotinic acid, nicotinic acid inositol ester, acyclophosphamide, trade name oxymethopyridine.

(3) Statins: Lovastatin, brand name Mevacor (imported), domestic brand name Lovastatin,

Loperamide, Loperamide; Simvastatin, brand name: Suprastatin (imported), domestic brand name: Zezhihao.

Risperidone, Sildenafil; Pravastatin, brand name Prasug; Fluvastatin, brand name Lesco;

Atvastatin, brand name Lipitor (imported), domestic brand name Ale; Cerivastatin, brand name Baisiting.

(4) Fibrates: chlorofibrate (trade name: Atorvastatin); bezafibrate (trade name: Bismuth subsalicylate); [unclear text - possibly a product name]

Polylipids, trade name: Specially Blended Polylipids; Fenofibrate, trade name: Lipin or Lipin; Gemfibrozil, trade name: [Missing information - likely a brand name].

Product name: Nuoheng.

(5) Fish oil preparations: Polyene Kang capsules, Pulse Kang, Fish Oil Enzyme Kang.

(6) Modern Chinese medicine: Xuezhikang (the main ingredient is lovastatin).

(7) Others: elastase, probucol, trade name propofol.

2. Types of cholesterol-lowering drugs

(1) Bile acid sequestrants: These can prevent the absorption of bile acids or cholesterol from the intestines and promote the absorption of bile acids or cholesterol.

Alcohol is excreted in feces and promotes cholesterol degradation.

This class of drugs is suitable for any type of hypercholesterolemia except for homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia.

Hypertriglyceridemia. Ineffective for any type of hypertriglyceridemia. Side effects are mainly poor taste and constipation.

(2) Probucol: Applicable to general hypercholesterolemia, and can also be used for homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia.

In patients with hypercholesterolemia, probucol also has the effect of inhibiting the formation and progression of atherosclerosis.

(3) Elastase: Suitable for hypercholesterolemia other than homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia.

Patients with elastase deficiency. Elastase has a relatively weak ability to regulate blood lipids, but few side effects, making it particularly suitable for some patients with high cholesterol.

Patients with mildly elevated total cholesterol levels.

3. Types of drugs that lower triglycerides

Fish oil preparations: have only a mild effect in lowering triglycerides and a slight effect in raising high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

It has no effect on total cholesterol or LDL cholesterol. It is primarily suitable for mild hypertriglyceridemia.

Fish oil preparations are contraindicated for patients with hyperlipidemia, but patients with bleeding tendencies should avoid them.

4. What are some medications that primarily lower cholesterol and also lower triglycerides?

(1) Statins: These are currently the most widely used class of lipid-lowering drugs in clinical practice. To date,

Millions of patients worldwide are taking statins, with some having taken them for more than two years.

Tens of thousands of people. This type of drug has a cholesterol-lowering ability of 20%–30%, and a lower ability to lower LDL cholesterol.

The force is 30% to 35%.

(2) Xuezhikang: Xuezhikang is a modern Chinese medicine with a clearly defined main ingredient, which is a natural statin.

(Primarily lovastatin), it has the lipid-regulating function of statins, but the dosage is low and adverse reactions are frequent.

It should be light and rare.

5. What are some medications that primarily lower triglycerides and also lower cholesterol?

(1) Nicotinic acid and its derivatives

Niacin: Applicable to all cases except homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and type I hyperlipoproteinemia.

Any type of dyslipidemia. Side effects are numerous, including facial flushing, itchy skin, and loss of appetite.

Symptoms include nausea, abdominal pain, and diarrhea. Patients with ulcers, diabetes, hypertension, or liver dysfunction may also experience these symptoms.

This medicine should be used with caution, and is contraindicated for pregnant and breastfeeding women.

Niacin inositol ester: The indications are the same as niacin, but its lipid-regulating effect is not as strong as niacin, but its side effects are milder.

Acipimox: It has a significant triglyceride-lowering effect and fewer side effects than niacin. Acipimox is...

A safe, effective, and well-tolerated lipid-lowering drug, especially suitable for patients with significantly elevated serum triglyceride levels.

Diabetes with significantly low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, slightly elevated or normal levels of total cholesterol.

Patients.

(2) Fibrates: These are the most effective drugs for lowering triglycerides. They are suitable for all patients except homozygous familial fibroblasts.

Any type of dyslipidemia other than hypercholesterolemia and type I hyperlipoproteinemia. Liver and kidney function.

This medication is contraindicated for individuals with adverse reactions, pregnant women, breastfeeding women, and women who may give birth. It is also contraindicated for those taking anticoagulants concurrently.

Attention should be paid to adjusting the dosage of anticoagulants.

6. How to choose medication for simple hypercholesterolemia

Simple hypercholesterolemia refers to a condition where plasma cholesterol levels are higher than normal, while plasma triglyceride levels are lower.

This is normal. In this case, statins or lipid-lowering drugs should be the first choice, followed by bile acid sequestrants, niacin, or...

Fibrates can also be considered.

7. How to choose medication for simple hypertriglyceridemia?

Simple hypertriglyceridemia refers to a condition where plasma triglycerides are higher than normal, while plasma cholesterol is lower.

Normal. In this situation, fibrates should be the first choice, followed by niacin. If the triglyceride elevation is unclear...

Clearly, marine fish oil preparations can be used.

8. How to choose medication for mixed hyperlipidemia

For hyperlipidemia primarily characterized by elevated cholesterol, statins or lipid-lowering drugs should be the first choice, followed by...

Niacin and fibrates can also be considered. For hyperlipidemia primarily characterized by elevated triglycerides, [the following should be considered].

Fibrates are the first choice, followed by niacin. For low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, [the following options are available:] [...].

Niacin, gemfibrozil, statins, and bile acid sequestrants.